Sally Joe-Forrest
5 Sept 2023
The Ukraine crisis has dominated headlines worldwide, with most narratives painting a black-and-white picture of Russian aggression against a sovereign nation, is this right?
The Ukraine crisis has dominated headlines worldwide, with most narratives painting a black-and-white picture of Russian aggression against a sovereign nation. However, a closer examination of the historical context and the geopolitical dynamics at play reveals a more nuanced and complex story. One critical aspect often overlooked in mainstream narratives is the role of the United States, particularly through neoconservative elements in the government, in provoking the conflict.
The Role of Neoconservatives
The neoconservative movement in the United States has played a pivotal role in shaping the country's foreign policy since the end of the Cold War. Neoconservatives believe that the U.S. victory in the Cold War gave them the privilege to dominate the world using superior military power. This belief is encapsulated in their principal blueprint document, the "Project for the New American Century," which envisions America owning the 21st century.
In 1997, Zbigniew Brzezinski, often considered the father of the neoconservative movement, proposed moving NATO into all former Soviet satellite states. This move was met with strong opposition from respected diplomats and statesmen, including George Kennan, the principal architect of the Cold War containment policy, and Bill Perry, then Secretary of Defense under President Clinton. They warned that moving NATO eastward would provoke a violent response from Russia, forcing them into a violent military response.
Despite these warnings, the U.S. went ahead with the expansion of NATO, moving it not just one inch, but one thousand miles eastward, into 14 countries, and placing nuclear-ready missile launchers dangerously close to Russia. This move directly contradicted the commitment made to Mikhail Gorbachev, the last leader of the Soviet Union, that NATO would not expand further east once Germany was reunified under NATO.
The US Installs New Ukrainian Government
In 2014, the U.S. played a significant role in orchestrating the fall of the Ukrainian government. The U.S. State Department, along with other Western governments and non-governmental organizations, provided millions of dollars in funding to opposition groups in Ukraine. This funding was used to organize protests, disseminate propaganda, and mobilize support for the opposition. Victoria Nuland, then Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs, was caught on tape discussing the U.S. strategy for Ukraine and the individuals they wanted to install in the new government.
The U.S. support for the opposition culminated in the overthrow of the democratically elected President, Viktor Yanukovych, in what is commonly referred to as the Maidan coup. The new government that was installed was pro-Western and anti-Russian, which aligned with the U.S. and NATO's strategic objectives in the region. This move was seen by Russia as a direct threat to its security and a violation of the agreement made at the end of the Cold War that NATO would not expand further east.
The U.S. involvement in the overthrow of the Ukrainian government and the installation of a pro-Western government was a significant factor in the escalation of tensions between Russia and the West. It is essential to consider this context when analyzing the current conflict and the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Following the 2014 changes, a war broke out between the U.S.-backed government of Ukraine and the people in the east of the country, who did not want the U.S. in charge. This conflict, known as the Russo-Ukrainian War, involved Russian-backed separatists in the Donbas region of Ukraine fighting against the Ukrainian government forces. The conflict resulted in significant loss of life and displacement of people.
The Minsk Accords
In an attempt to halt the conflict, the Minsk Accords were signed by Ukraine, Russia, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) in 2014 and 2015. The accords called for a ceasefire, the withdrawal of heavy weapons, and the granting of special status to the Donbas region. However, the Ukrainian Parliament did not ratify the accords, and the conflict continued. The failure to implement the Minsk Accords led to a stalemate in the conflict, with both sides accusing each other of violating the terms of the agreement.
Zelensky's Election
After the election of Volodymyr Zelensky as the President of Ukraine in 2019, there was a glimmer of hope for peace in the region. Zelensky was elected on a peace platform, promising to sign the Minsk Accords and settle the conflict with Russia. However, after taking office, he pivoted away from this commitment, possibly due to pressure from the U.S. and ultra-nationalists within Ukraine. This pivot marked a continuation of the conflict and further strained relations between Ukraine and Russia.
In the years following Zelensky's appointment, the U.S. continued to provide significant financial and military aid to Ukraine. This aid was ostensibly provided to support Ukraine in its conflict with separatist forces in the Donbas region and to counter Russian aggression. However, critics argue that this aid has served to prolong the conflict and has been used to support ultra-nationalist groups with questionable human rights records.
Conclusion
The Russian invasion of Ukraine is a culmination of years of geopolitical tensions and provocations. While the invasion is widely condemned, it is essential to understand the underlying causes that led to this action. The expansion of NATO, the 2014 Ukrainian crisis, the ongoing conflict in Donbas, and the U.S. support for Ukraine all contributed to the escalation of tensions. A more nuanced and comprehensive approach is needed to address the underlying issues and find a path forward that promotes peace and stability in the region.